Appendix Definitions
Before knowing what it was appendicitis, we need to know whether it is a tube that ends Appendix.Appendix closed and narrow to a few inches in length attached to the cecum (the first part of the colon) like a worm. (Name of anatomy for the appendix, vermiform appendix, additional means like worms). The inner lining of the appendix produces a small amount of mucus that flows through the opening (mouth) into the middle of the appendix and cecum. The walls of the appendix contains lymphatic tissue that is part of the immune system weeks to make antibodies. Like the whole of the colon, the wall of the appendix also contains a layer of muscles, but poorly developed muscle layer.
Definition and Causes of Appendicitis
Appendicitis means inflammation of the appendix. It is estimated that appendicitis begins when the opening (mouth) from the appendix into the cecum becomes blocked. Obstacle (obstacle) may be caused by the formation of thick mucus within the appendix or by a stool that enters the appendix from the cecum. The mucus or stool hardens, becomes like a stone, and block the opening (mouth). This stone is called fecalith (literally, a stone from the stool or feces). At other times, lymphatic tissue in the appendix may swell and block the appendix. After the obstacle occurs, the bacteria are found in the appendix normalmya start attacking (infect) the wall of the appendix. The body responds to attacks by installing an attack on the bacteria, an attack called inflammation. An alternative theory for the cause of appendicitis is the beginning of the appendix tear followed by the spread of the bacteria out of the appendix. The cause of this kind of tear is not clear, but it may be dihubungankan on the changes that occur in lymphatic tissue, such as inflammation, that line the walls of the appendix.
If the inflammation and infection spread through the wall of the appendix, the appendix can tear (rupture). After rupture, infection can spread throughout the abdomen, however, it is usually limited to a small area surrounding the appendix (forming peri-appendiceal abscess).
Occasionally, the body succeeded in limiting ("cure") appendicitis without surgical treatment if infection and inflammation that accompanies it does not spread throughout the abdomen. Inflammation, pain and symptoms may disappear. This is especially true in elderly patients and when antibiotics are used. These patients then may come to the doctor shortly after the episode of appendicitis with a lump or mass in the right lower abdomen caused by the scarring that occurs during healing. These clots may arouse suspicion of cancer.
What are the complications of Appendicitis
The most frequent complication of appendicitis is perforation (perforation). Perforation of the appendix can lead to abscess pus periappendiceal (collection of infected pus) or diffuse peritonitis (infection of the lining the abdomen and pelvis). The main reason for appendiceal perforation is delay in diagnosis and treatment. In general, longer delays between diagnosis and surgery, more likely perforasinya. Risk of perforation 36 hours after onset of symptoms is at least 15%. Therefore, once appendicitis is diagnosed, surgery should be done without unnecessary delays.
Less common complication of appendicitis is obstruction of the bowel. Obstacle occurs when the inflammation surrounding the appendix causes the intestinal muscle to stop working, and this prevents the release of intestinal contents. If the intestine above the obstruction began to fill with fluid and gas, bloated stomach and nausea and vomiting may occur. So then it may be necessary to drain the contents of the intestine through a tube that is inserted through the nose and esophagus and into the stomach and intestines.
The feared complication of appendicitis is sepsis, a condition in which bacteria infect the blood enters and walks to other parts of the body. This is a serious complication and even life-threatening. Fortunately, it rarely happens.
The symptoms of Appendicitis
The main symptom of appendicitis is abdominal pain. The pain was first spread and difficult to be localized, ie, not limited to one point. (Localized pain that is difficult is typical whenever the issue is limited to the small intestine or colon (large intestine, including appendix). The pain is so difficult to be appointed when asked to point to areas of pain, very stout people indicate the location of pain with movement of the play from their hands around the center of their abdomen. The early symptoms of appendicitis is a common second is loss of appetite that may lead to nausea and even vomiting. Nausea and vomiting also may occur later due to intestinal obstruction.
As appendiceal inflammation increases, it extends through the appendix to cover the exterior and then to the stomach lining, the thin membrane called the peritoneum. Once the peritoneum becomes inflamed, the pain changes and then can dilokalisr clearly on a small area. Umumna, this area is between the front of the right hip bone and belly button. Appropriate point McBurney point named as the name Dr. Charles McBurney. If the appendix rupture and spread infection throughout the abdomen, the pain to be spread again due to all the inflamed stomach lining.
Diagnosing Appendicitis
The diagnosis of appendicitis begins with a thorough history and physical examination. These patients often have high temperatures, and usually there will be moderate to severe sensitivity in the right lower abdomen when the doctor presses on there. If inflammation has spread to the peritoneum, there is often a sense that bounce. Sensitivity of the bounce is pain that worsens when the doctor took off his hands quickly after gently pressing on the abdomen over the area of sensitivity.
Number of White Blood Cells
The number of white blood cells in the blood usually rise with infection. In early appendicitis, before infection occurred, it can be normal, but most often there is a mild increase even at the beginning. Unfortunately, appendicitis is not the only condition that causes increased amounts of white blood cells. Almost any infection or inflammation can cause this number to be abnormally high. Accordingly, the number of white blood cells that increase alone can not be used as a sign of appendicitis.
Urine Analysis
Urinalysis is the microscopic examination of urine that detects red blood cells, white blood cells and bacteria in the urine. Anlisa urine usually is abnormal when there is inflammation or stones in the kidneys or bladder. Amalisa urine also may be abnormal with appendicitis because the appendix lies adjacent to the ureters and bladder. If the inflammation of appendicitis is large enough, it can spread to the ureters and bladder that leads to an abnormal urinalysis. Most patients with appendicitis, however, have a normal urinalysis. Therefore, a normal urinalysis suggests appendicitis more than a urinary tract problem.
Stomach X-Ray
X-ray abdomen may detect fecalith (pieces of fecal material that hardens peas and whitewash that blocks the mouth of the appendix), which probably is the cause of appendicitis. This is especially true in children.
Ultrasound
Ultrasound is a painless procedure that uses sound waves to mengidentifikai organs in the body. Ultrasound can identify an enlarged appendix or abscess pus. Nevertheless, during appendicitis, the appendix can be seen only in 50% of patients. Therefore, do not see the appendix during an ultrasound does not exclude appendicitis. Ultrasound is also useful in women because it can exclude the presence of conditions involving the ovaries (ovaries), Fallopian tubes and uterus (womb) that can mimic appendicitis.
Barium enema
Barium enema is an X-ray test where liquid barium is inserted into the colon (large intestine) from the anus to fill the colon. This test can, at the time, showed imprresi the colon in the area of inflammation of the appendix where the inflammation of the colon adjacent to collide. Barium enema also can exclude other intestinal problems that mimic appendicitis, such as Crohn's disease.
Computerized tomography (CT) Scan
In patients who are not pregnant, a CT scan of the area of the appendix is useful in diagnosing appendicitis and boils pus in the peri-appendiceal and exclude other diseases in the abdomen and pelvis that can mimic appendicitis.
Laparoscopy
Laparoscopy is a surgical procedure where a small fiberoptic tube with a camera is inserted into the stomach through a puncture hole made in the abdominal wall. Laparoscopy allows direct vision of the appendix and abdominal organs and pelvic other. If appendicitis is found, the inflamed appendix can be removed with a laparoscope. The disadvantage of laparoscopy compared to ultrasound and CT is that it requires total anesthesia.
There is no single test that will diagnose appendicitis even with certainty. Therefore, the approach in which dicurigi appendicitis may include the period of observation, tests as previously discussed, or surgery. Taken from http://www.totalkesehatananda.com
If the inflammation and infection spread through the wall of the appendix, the appendix can tear (rupture). After rupture, infection can spread throughout the abdomen, however, it is usually limited to a small area surrounding the appendix (forming peri-appendiceal abscess).
Occasionally, the body succeeded in limiting ("cure") appendicitis without surgical treatment if infection and inflammation that accompanies it does not spread throughout the abdomen. Inflammation, pain and symptoms may disappear. This is especially true in elderly patients and when antibiotics are used. These patients then may come to the doctor shortly after the episode of appendicitis with a lump or mass in the right lower abdomen caused by the scarring that occurs during healing. These clots may arouse suspicion of cancer.
What are the complications of Appendicitis
The most frequent complication of appendicitis is perforation (perforation). Perforation of the appendix can lead to abscess pus periappendiceal (collection of infected pus) or diffuse peritonitis (infection of the lining the abdomen and pelvis). The main reason for appendiceal perforation is delay in diagnosis and treatment. In general, longer delays between diagnosis and surgery, more likely perforasinya. Risk of perforation 36 hours after onset of symptoms is at least 15%. Therefore, once appendicitis is diagnosed, surgery should be done without unnecessary delays.
Less common complication of appendicitis is obstruction of the bowel. Obstacle occurs when the inflammation surrounding the appendix causes the intestinal muscle to stop working, and this prevents the release of intestinal contents. If the intestine above the obstruction began to fill with fluid and gas, bloated stomach and nausea and vomiting may occur. So then it may be necessary to drain the contents of the intestine through a tube that is inserted through the nose and esophagus and into the stomach and intestines.
The feared complication of appendicitis is sepsis, a condition in which bacteria infect the blood enters and walks to other parts of the body. This is a serious complication and even life-threatening. Fortunately, it rarely happens.
The symptoms of Appendicitis
The main symptom of appendicitis is abdominal pain. The pain was first spread and difficult to be localized, ie, not limited to one point. (Localized pain that is difficult is typical whenever the issue is limited to the small intestine or colon (large intestine, including appendix). The pain is so difficult to be appointed when asked to point to areas of pain, very stout people indicate the location of pain with movement of the play from their hands around the center of their abdomen. The early symptoms of appendicitis is a common second is loss of appetite that may lead to nausea and even vomiting. Nausea and vomiting also may occur later due to intestinal obstruction.
As appendiceal inflammation increases, it extends through the appendix to cover the exterior and then to the stomach lining, the thin membrane called the peritoneum. Once the peritoneum becomes inflamed, the pain changes and then can dilokalisr clearly on a small area. Umumna, this area is between the front of the right hip bone and belly button. Appropriate point McBurney point named as the name Dr. Charles McBurney. If the appendix rupture and spread infection throughout the abdomen, the pain to be spread again due to all the inflamed stomach lining.
Diagnosing Appendicitis
The diagnosis of appendicitis begins with a thorough history and physical examination. These patients often have high temperatures, and usually there will be moderate to severe sensitivity in the right lower abdomen when the doctor presses on there. If inflammation has spread to the peritoneum, there is often a sense that bounce. Sensitivity of the bounce is pain that worsens when the doctor took off his hands quickly after gently pressing on the abdomen over the area of sensitivity.
Number of White Blood Cells
The number of white blood cells in the blood usually rise with infection. In early appendicitis, before infection occurred, it can be normal, but most often there is a mild increase even at the beginning. Unfortunately, appendicitis is not the only condition that causes increased amounts of white blood cells. Almost any infection or inflammation can cause this number to be abnormally high. Accordingly, the number of white blood cells that increase alone can not be used as a sign of appendicitis.
Urine Analysis
Urinalysis is the microscopic examination of urine that detects red blood cells, white blood cells and bacteria in the urine. Anlisa urine usually is abnormal when there is inflammation or stones in the kidneys or bladder. Amalisa urine also may be abnormal with appendicitis because the appendix lies adjacent to the ureters and bladder. If the inflammation of appendicitis is large enough, it can spread to the ureters and bladder that leads to an abnormal urinalysis. Most patients with appendicitis, however, have a normal urinalysis. Therefore, a normal urinalysis suggests appendicitis more than a urinary tract problem.
Stomach X-Ray
X-ray abdomen may detect fecalith (pieces of fecal material that hardens peas and whitewash that blocks the mouth of the appendix), which probably is the cause of appendicitis. This is especially true in children.
Ultrasound
Ultrasound is a painless procedure that uses sound waves to mengidentifikai organs in the body. Ultrasound can identify an enlarged appendix or abscess pus. Nevertheless, during appendicitis, the appendix can be seen only in 50% of patients. Therefore, do not see the appendix during an ultrasound does not exclude appendicitis. Ultrasound is also useful in women because it can exclude the presence of conditions involving the ovaries (ovaries), Fallopian tubes and uterus (womb) that can mimic appendicitis.
Barium enema
Barium enema is an X-ray test where liquid barium is inserted into the colon (large intestine) from the anus to fill the colon. This test can, at the time, showed imprresi the colon in the area of inflammation of the appendix where the inflammation of the colon adjacent to collide. Barium enema also can exclude other intestinal problems that mimic appendicitis, such as Crohn's disease.
Computerized tomography (CT) Scan
In patients who are not pregnant, a CT scan of the area of the appendix is useful in diagnosing appendicitis and boils pus in the peri-appendiceal and exclude other diseases in the abdomen and pelvis that can mimic appendicitis.
Laparoscopy
Laparoscopy is a surgical procedure where a small fiberoptic tube with a camera is inserted into the stomach through a puncture hole made in the abdominal wall. Laparoscopy allows direct vision of the appendix and abdominal organs and pelvic other. If appendicitis is found, the inflamed appendix can be removed with a laparoscope. The disadvantage of laparoscopy compared to ultrasound and CT is that it requires total anesthesia.
There is no single test that will diagnose appendicitis even with certainty. Therefore, the approach in which dicurigi appendicitis may include the period of observation, tests as previously discussed, or surgery. Taken from http://www.totalkesehatananda.com
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